Volume 30, Issue 4

The use of calcium carbonate and fly ash in concrete has not been a common practice due to number of reasons. Recently after the technological developments fly ash is been used in preparing the concrete. A wide variety of RMC’s mow use fly ash in preparing concrete. The use of fly ash and calcium carbonate in concrete lead to many environmental benefits as the waste material can be used in concrete and hence no issues of dumping waste into the environment. It proves economical as the cost of concrete is reduced. In my study the use of calcium carbonate and fly ash in concrete was taken and cement of grade OPC 43 was used. The cement was replaced in concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% by fly ash ash and calcium carbonate simultaneously. The optimum concentration of fly ash , calcium carbonate and mixture of fly ash and calcium carbonate was 20%, 15%, 10% F.A 5% CC simultaneously.

Big data is an important concept in the field of information technology where companies and organization take advantage of the data that they have stored to find meaningful patterns and predictions to help them in making informed decisions. Big data analysis involves the use of advanced tools and techniques that are used in the processing the large volumes of data that is produced by the organization (Sammer, 2012, p. 23). The Hadoop framework is an important framework in enabling easy and efficient processing of large data sets thus making it one of the most popular big data analytics frameworks available. In this research, a comparative analysis of big data will be made through the use of Hadoop specifically concentrating on the Hadoop architectures.

In today’s society, the identity verification is a serious key problem with the rapid development in the domain of computer and network technology. Hence, the necessity for a superior and more consistent methodology for identity authentication becomes more prominent. As biometric identifiers are relatively tough to counterfeit, mislay or share, biometric recognition approach appears to be more effective and reliable than conventional passwords or PINs. Owing to its low forgery risk, consistency and aliveness detection, Finger Vein Recognition (FVR) has emerged to be the most promising and novelist biometric technique. Finger vein pattern is defined as the hypodermic vein structures arbitrarily developing a network of blood vessels underneath the skin of a finger to recognize individuals at a very high level of accuracy. However, it is challenging to extract a more reliable and accurate finger vein pattern due to the random noise, low contrast, illumination variation, image deformation and blur. Not much research has been conducted on effective frequency domain feature extraction techniques, hence, considering the above issues, this research presents an efficient feature extraction approach which employs the Local Directional Pattern (LDP), which is robust in the existence of random noise, ageing effects as well as illumination changes. Support Vector machines (SVM), which is a powerful machine-learning binary classifier, is implemented in order to enhance the recognition performance by classifying finger vein patterns as either imposter or genuine. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieved significant performance and better classification accuracy on HKPU database. An accuracy of 97.5% with an Equal Error Rate of 0.81% is achieved indicating superior results over existing techniques.

Dematerialization is the process of converting the physical form of shares into electronic form. Prior to dematerialization the Indian stock markets have faced several problems like delay in the Transfer of certificates, forgery of certificates etc. Dematerialization helps to overcome these problems as well as reduces the transaction time as compared to the physical segment. The article discusses the procedures, advantages and problems of dematerialization. The Indian Stock markets have seen a major change with the introduction of depository system and scrip less trading mechanism. In India, shares and securities are now available in electronic format i. e “dematerialised” or demat account. This research explores about the demat account and online trading of Indiabulls Ventures Limited. It focuses on the various services provided by Indiabulls Ventures Limited is satisfactory for investors or not. It also explains the comparison of broker’s performance available in market with Indiabulls and As compare to Indiabulls where the locality of Dehradun are interested to invest their saving.

The use of calcium carbonate and fly ash in concrete has not been a common practice due to number of reasons. Recently after the technological developments fly ash is been used in preparing the concrete. A wide variety of RMC’s mow use fly ash in preparing concrete. The use of fly ash and calcium carbonate in concrete lead to many environmental benefits as the waste material can be used in concrete and hence no issues of dumping waste into the environment. It proves economical as the cost of concrete is reduced. In my study the use of calcium carbonate and fly ash in concrete was taken and cement of grade OPC 43 was used. The cement was replaced in concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% by fly ash ash and calcium carbonate simultaneously. The optimum concentration of fly ash , calcium carbonate and mixture of fly ash and calcium carbonate was 20%, 15%, 10% F.A 5% CC simultaneously.

We analysed the Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC), Total Alkalinity (TA) and pH of the aquatic phase of the Hooghly and the Matla estuaries during 1984 to 2018 through seasons. A unique seasonal trend is observed for all these variables with maximum during premonsoon, followed by postmonsoon and monsoon. The relatively higher values of DIC, TA and pH in the Canning Station along the Matla estuary may be attributed to minimum head on discharge in this tide fed river. The lowering of pH in both the estuaries may however, pose an adverse impact on the biotic community especially with calcareous shell. This might create an ecological imbalance in the food webs of this mangrove dominated World Heritage Site.

To optimize the performance of energy storage system triple input converter is proposed, the topology is simulated in MATLAB/ Simulink environment. The simulation work is performed with three different input sources, one is solar photo voltaic source and another is battery storage system and yet another is UC bank. The converter is operated with continuous conduction first in buck mode, then in boost mode and finally in buck-boost mode and entire results are analyzed under steady state conditions. Independent switching scheme is used for the generation of the gate pulses to the converter switches. The simulation results of switching pulses, voltage appearing across inductor, current through inductor, voltage appearing across load, and current through load for converter operation in buck mode, then in boost mode and finally, buck- boost mode of operations with converter are presented.

In this paper/thesis a comparative analysis of multilevel inverter with and without transformer through simulation is carried out. The output voltage and current waveforms are compared for resistive load without any filtering unit. Reduction in device count is also considered to reduce switching losses. In this paper/thesis, a novel cascaded transformer multilevel inverter is proposed. The number of the switching devices is reduced in the proposed topology. This topology comprises of a DC source, several single phase low-frequency transformers, two main power switches and some bidirectional switching devices. In this topology, only one bidirectional switch is employed for each transformer. However, in conventional cascaded transformer multilevel inverter, four switching devices are required for each transformer. Therefore, more output voltage levels can be obtained using fewer switching components. Reduction in the number of switching devices which also means reduction in the number of gate drivers results in smaller size and low implementation cost. Switching power losses are also reduced in this topology. Selective harmonic elimination (SHE) technique is applied to the proposed inverter to obtain a high quality output voltage. Simulation results are also provided to verify the feasibility of the proposed converter.

This article compares the differences between the both types of internal combustion engines, with respect to their working principles. The most prominent difference between Spark Ignition (SI) and Compression Ignition (CI) engines is the type of fuel used and the process of mixing the fuel for effective combustion. The SI engine uses carburetor as a means of mixing the air and fuel in equal proportion while compression engines uses injector. Single spark ignition engines fail to carryout complete combustion in automobiles due to various losses in combustion chamber and other design parameters. Thus the process of combustion is not at all instantaneous and therefore alternate solution to it is by burning the fuel as quickly as possible by using two spark plugs instead of one. An internal combustion (IC) engine has a predominant role in a low power generation. One of the best methods to improve the engine performance and reduce the exhaust emission in a SI engine is by using introduction of twin spark into the combustion chamber. Objective of this paper is to compare both types of internal combustion and the twin spark engine. On applying the twin spark plug in gasoline engine the combustion could be made proper and the specific fuel consumption could be made to decrease.

The research consists of the software and the hardware modules. The main idea behind this research is to develop a non-intrusive system which can detect fatigue of driver and issue a timely warning. Since large number of road accidents are caused by driver drowsiness. Hence, this system will be helpful in preventing many accidents, and consequently save money and reduce personal suffering. Most of the conventional methods are either vehicle based, or behavioral based or physiological based. Few methods are intrusive and distract the driver, some require expensive sensors and data handling. Therefore, in this study, a low cost, real time driver’s drowsiness detection system is developed with acceptable accuracy.

Winglets are used to reduce the induced drag. This paper proposes an idea of using a propeller at the wing tip. The propeller is mounted in such a way that the blade tip is quite near to the wing tip. The rotation of the propeller induces two kinds of velocities namely an axial velocity and the rotational component of velocity. This rotational component does not allow the flow to curl upwards as it cancels it on the same plane of the wing and the axial component produces some thrust leading to a decrease in fuel consumption and indirectly better performance. The project aims to study the amount of reduction of the induced drag by experimental analysis in the wind tunnel. The results showed that aerodynamic efficiency increases by using the propeller at the wing tip.